Introduction
Podcasting is a means of putting out audio files (usually MP3s) to the internet, which are then provided by means of subscription and automatically downloaded to a computer or iPods. Podcasts are not intended to be heard on a live feed, but at any time and wherever is most fitting for the listener. (Kay, 2005) Even as the term is a reduction of “iPod” and “broadcast,” an iPod is not necessarily needed to subscribe and heed podcasts. Actually, podcasts can be employed with a diversity of digital audio arrangements and play on just about any MP3 player or portable digital audio gadget, in addition to any kind of desktop computer or laptop.
Technically, podcasting is the method of acquiring an audio event, song, speech, or mixture of sounds and then redistributing that digital sound item to a Website or “blog” in a data arrangement labeled as an RSS 2.0 envelope. (Smith, 2005) This RSS means Real Simple Syndication and is an arranged requirement of XML tags employed to describe articles which can be subscribed to by means of a “RSS news reader.” Utilizing particular news readers, users can pay a regular contribution to a Web page with RSS 2.0 tagged audio files on selected web pages and routinely download these files openly into an audio management program on their PC. Such audio management programs include iTunes, or Windows Media Player. When a user coordinates their portable audio device with their CPU the podcasts are mechanically conveyed to that device to be heard at the instance and place most opportune for the user. A lot of individuals have contrasted podcasting to a DVR (digital video recorder) for the reason of it’s time-shifting capability. In a number of features it is alike, but it is similarly dissimilar in that the recorded substance is delivered in its last arrangement to a portable gadget that is self-sufficient of the recording apparatus. (Kay, 2005)
Key Research Questions
The study intends to look into the phenomenon of podcasting in the academic field. Specifically, the study wants to investigate the effects of podcasting to college students. To clearly acquire the possible outcomes of the study, the research will try to answer the following key questions:
1. What are the ways that the medium of podcasting assist college students in their academics?
2. How does the use of podcasting among college students improve their performance in their academics?
3. What are the adverse effects of podcasts on college students?
4. What are the factors that affect the use of podcasts among the college students?
5. What are the effects of podcasting on the students in the collegiate level?
Theoretical Framework
One understandable employment of podcasting in an educational situation is to generate an archive of class lectures that students can have access to at their own convenience. Nevertheless, provided the distinguishing characteristics of podcasting, its possibility transcends reproducing course materials and making them accessible for review. As podcasting is somewhat new, instructors and professors are still trying to discover other potentials for the said medium. The figure below presents the theoretical framework of the study.
Literature Review
In order to fully understand and grasp the full view of the study a proper review of related literature is needed. Books and magazines related and in connection with the whole topic were read and studied. A further review of various articles and papers published disclosed that to date, no study has yet been made with exactly the same purpose and in the manner as the present study. However, findings and results which are aligned to this study is presented.
The current medium of podcasting has been triggered by an upsurge of mp3 players and other technologies that has sprung out via the emergence of the iPod. The iPod is a product of Apple which could store more than a thousand high quality songs as well as other digital files in its memory. (Miller, 2002) With at least five gigabytes on its hard drive, it enables the user to use it as a device for storing presentations, images, films or even much larger files that a conventional CD or floppy disk would not be able to accommodate. Because of the convenience that it provides, it has been among the favored devices for the young generation. Its “ultraportable” feature with its 6.5 ounce powered by a light lithium polymer power source, provides the ease of carry that could not be provided by other hardware technologies like the laptop or palm tops. (Miller, 2002)
For educators, it could be employed as an effective hand held device that would be able them to store and eventually listen to audio books in addition to using it as a means of carrying loads of digital files from the classroom to other places they desire. (Miller, 2002) There are yet to be a considerable amount of literature available for podcasting as a medium given its notable freshness of the said technology. However, there is still a handful that could be uncovered regarding the said technology. According to the work of Godwin-Jones (2005a) the technology of podcasting was initially been considered as an obscure activity of a small number of individuals, “computer geeks” to be exact. More particularly, this activity was initially been regarded to Mac users in general particularly because the scripts in this type of medium ran on the applications present in Mac. Nowadays, the medium is still available and is used by techies and other computer “junkies” however the said medium is similarly accessible to other social institutions like schools and churches. (Godwin-Jones, 2005a)
In the context of schools, there have been experimental studies that took into account the impact of iPod technology on the students. Another work of Godwin-Jones (2005b) presented the peer-to-peer sharing phenomenon provided by the iPod technology. In the said study, the investigation looked into the context of Duke University as it provided iPods in the entering class of 2005. The said study took particular note on the use of iPods on the language lessons of the students. Specifically, the students’ use of the technology in their Spanish classes provided the assistance they needed. The study claimed that students were able to pay attention to audio adaptations of texts they are required to read, play teachers’ remarks on projects and evaluations, assess new vocabulary and its pronunciation, and to Spanish language songs. The study further claimed that the use of iPods has become equivalent with cellular phones with regards to the most portable piece of technology regardless of the environment that the user prefers. (Godwin-Jones, 2005b)
Research Method
To be able to provide a necessary and a solid base for the study, a proper plan of investigation and an appropriate methodology can help the project in achieving the optimum result and conclusions. The researcher will utilize a descriptive approach in gathering information on the need to provide an interactive medium that will suit the changing needs and demands of end users. To illustrate the descriptive type of research, Creswell (1994) will guide the researcher when he stated: Descriptive method of research is to gather information about the present existing condition. The purpose of employing this method is to describe the nature of a situation, as it exists at the time of the study and to explore the cause/s of particular phenomena. The researcher opted to use this kind of research considering the desire of the researcher to obtain first hand data from the respondents so as to formulate rational and sound conclusions and recommendations for the study. The respondents of this study will be selected college students who own a digital player, an iPod, or an MP3 player.
First, a self-administered questionnaire containing 18 to 20 questions and shall be filled out by the respondents. Another set of questionnaires will be prepared for the interview of professors and instructors in the said college. Ideally, the respondents will grade each statement in the survey-questionnaire using a Likert scale, with a five-response scale wherein respondents will be given five response choices.
The equivalent weights for the answers will be:
Range Interpretation
4.50 – 5.00 Strongly Agree
3.50 – 4.00 Agree
2.50 – 3.49 Uncertain
1.50 – 2.49 Disagree
0.00 – 1.49 Strongly Disagree
The researcher opted to use the questionnaire as a tool since it is easy to construct having the rules and principles of construction are easy to follow. Moreover, copies of the questionnaire could reach a considerable number of respondents either by mail or by personal distribution. Generally, responses to a questionnaire are objectified and standardized and these make tabulation easy. But more importantly, the respondents’ replies are of their own free will because there is no interviewer to influence them. This is one way to avoid biases, particularly the interviewers’ bias.
Uses of the Findings
The findings on this study will be used for recommendations on whether podcasting would be a viable medium for government and educational institutions in assisting students with regards to their study needs. The findings in this study will be able to allow the government look into the possibility of regulation and support in such a way that students will have more access on audio and video materials that they could use in their academic purposes. In the situation of educational institutions, the use of podcasting in the university would be place the use of iPods, portable MP3 players, and other digital devices into proper context. It will establish that the said instruments have other constructive uses aside from being an object that students use for listening to music, a distraction of sorts.
Ethical Issues
As a researcher and an interviewer, ethical considerations must be faced when working with students. Care should always be given so that the respondent can be comfortable and is in an excellent condition when doing an interview or is answering a questionnaire. As a researcher, his/her prime role is making the patient/respondent feel at ease during the interview and answering process. An interviewer therefore should refrain from pestering the respondents with regards to his/her answer.
The interviewer must also see to it that confidentiality is fostered between the interviewer and the respondent. It must be made clear to both respondent and the interviewer that any information exchanged and stated by the former will remain confidential. Care should also be observed so that the interviewer would not obstruct the academic works and other obligations of the respondents in the university. A properly documented letter of intent and permission must be made and mailed to the individual professors or the administration of the university in seeking permission to conduct the mentioned study inside the institution’s premises.
Resources Required
The researcher is going to utilize both primary and secondary data in order to profoundly analyze the situation. The primary source of data will come from the data acquired from researcher-made questionnaire as well as interviews conducted by the researcher. The primary data frequently gives the detailed definitions of terms and statistical units used in the survey. These are usually broken down into finer classifications. The secondary sources of data will come from published articles from social science journals, theses and related studies on hand-held technologies, iPods, and podcasting, particularly its effects on the college students in general. Acquiring secondary data are more convenient to use because they are already condensed and organized. Moreover, analysis and interpretation are done more easily.
References
Creswell, J.W. (1994) Research design. Qualitative and quantitative approaches. Thousand Oaks, California: Sage.
Godwin-Jones, R. (2005) Skype and Podcasting: Disruptive Technologies for Language Learning. Language, Learning & Technology. 9(3) 9
Godwin-Jones, R. (2005b) Emerging Technologies: Messaging, Gaming, Peer-to-Peer Sharing Language Learning Strategies & Tools for the Millennial Generation. Language, Learning & Technology. 9(1) 17
Kay, R. (2005) Podcasting. Computerworld. 39(40) p34
Miller, M. (2002) Hands-On Reviews. T H E Journal 29(9). 56
Smith, B. (2005) Podcasting goes mobile: mobile podcasting, an off-shoot of the internet craze, has started to take off. Whether it will reach a huge audience remains to be seen. Wireless Week.
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