Research Topics: History Of Aging Example Papers

Aging population

color:black">  
 none" lang="EN-GB" xml:lang="EN-GB">  1.          Background The aging population is increasing. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is expected that the number of people aged 60 or above will increase in this coming 50 years. As shown in figure 1, this situation will happen in both developed and developing countries. src=”new_page_1_files/image002.jpg” v:shapes=”_x0000_s1116″> Figure 1. Global trend of people aged 60 and over (WHO,2002). There is no exception in Hong Kong. Figure 2 demonstrated that percentage of people aged over 64 increased gradually from 1998 to 2003. Oppositely, the proportion of people aged under 35 was decreasing. 
absolute;z-index:2;left:382px;top:512px;width:312px;height:209px"> width=312 height=209 src=”new_page_1_files/image004.gif” v:shapes=”_x0000_s1117″>Figure 2. Mid year population by age group. (Census and Statistics Department, 2005).   Meanwhile, there is an increasing trend in the life expectancy as illustrated in figure 3. Although life expectancy is increasing, it dose not mean that elderly quality of life can also be improved. Therefore, elderly health was chosen in this health promotion program. 
absolute;z-index:3;left:418px;top:631px;width:372px;height:208px"> width=372 height=208 src=”new_page_1_files/image006.gif” v:shapes=”_x0000_s1118″>Figure 3. Expectation of life at birth by sex in HK. (Census & Statistics    Department, 2005).   Due to the dramatic increase in the elderly population, effort should be put on understanding and promoting health and well-being of elderly and communities. According to WHO (1996), aging is a development issue. Healthy older persons are a resource for their families, their communities and the economy. Lung Hang Community Centre was chosen for implementing this health promotion project. The topics of recent health program, carried out in this centre, were reviewed. It was surprise to find that they were mainly related to physical health rather mental health. According to WHO (2005), Mental well-being is included in the definition of health. There is no health without mental health. Mental health is more than the absence of mental illness. It is vital to individuals, families and societies. Mental health and mental well-being are fundamental to the quality of life and productivity of individuals, families, communities and nations. Referring to WHO, mental and behavioral disorders were over one-tenth of total disease burden in 1990. It was estimated that this disease population will increase to 15% in 2020. Therefore, mental health is one of the important health issues for exploration, especially in the population of elderly. As shown in figure 4, suicidal rate of people aged 60 or above remains the most recently. According to Chi, Yip, & Yu (1997), elderly suicidal rate is one of the highest in the world. By referring to figure 5, suicidal rates of Hong Kongers aged over 64 is high. It is even much higher then the developed country likes Australia and New Zealand.   Age group 2001 2002 2003 0 – 19 2.1 1.8 1.9 20 – 59 16.4 17.8 18.8 60 or above 27.0 23.4 30.7 Suicide rate equals to number of suicide death per 100,000 population per year Figure 4. Suicidal rate of Hong Kong by age. (The Samaritan Befrienders Hong Kong, 2003).   Country Year Age ³ 65 Hong Kong 2001 128.6 Australia 1999 59.2 New Zealand 1998 63.3 Singapore 2000 113.7 Japan 1999 162.9  Figure 5. Suicidal rate of people aged over 64 by country. (Law, Law, & Yip, 2003).   Stress may exist in every body. But state of stress may be different between each person. Van Praag (2004) stated that stress refers to variety of behavioral states. This may or may not lead to psychiatric disorder, and may result in more serious consequences finally e.g. suicidal behavior. Elderly may have different sources of stress: due to 1) change of lifestyle and financial status after retirement; 2) caring for their grandchildren or sick spouse; 3) death of relatives, beloves or close friends; 4) deterioration of physical abilities and chronic illness; and 5) worries for unable to live independently and institutionalization. People with stress may present with insomnia, nightmare, loss of appetite, palpitation, frequent urination, muscle pain, tiredness, restlessness, poor concentration, forgetfulness, anxiety, fear, frustrated or depression. Referring to Chi et al. (1997), most elderly are unaware and unrecognized when they are facing stress. Only some of them complaint to relatives or physician. Only some of them verbalized their suicidal idea. While just a few do seek external help e.g. using telephone help-lines. For relatives, they think that the negative emotional state of elderly is normal. When elderly facing stress, relatives usually try to comfort them instead of implementing any intervention. Therefore, elderly complaints become routine, irrelevant and crisis are being ignored. Besides, due to traditional Chinese culture, relatives think that they should take good care of elderly. They feel ashamed and hesitate to seek external help even if it is necessary. Due to the phenomenon mentioned above, it is believed that elderly mental health is important. The elderly mental health is chosen in this health promotion project. While, stress management is focused. 
always" /> 2. Information of the health promotion program Title. Elderly mental health was chosen in this health promotion project. Stress management was focused. The title of this project was “Happy aging”. The slogan was ‘開開心心過生活,快快樂樂渡晚年’. Target group included elderly aged 60 or above. The number of participant is around 30. Aim of this program was to enhance the awareness of the elderly on the importance of stress management during ageing. Objectives of this program were enabling the elderly 1) to identify the sources of stress; 2) to identify the stress response; 3) to point out the ways for reducing stress; and 4) to enhance the skills in performing health promotion program among the group members. Venue and Date. The program was held on the 15th march, 2005, from 09:30 to 1200, at the Lung Hang Community Centre in Tai Wai, New Territories. Program preparation. A proposal of this project was designed and given to the person-in-charge of the elderly centre. An invitation poster with large fonts, colorful and attractive graphics was posted up in the community centre 2 weeks before the program. By the way, information of the health talk was collected from different sources and media for enriching the health talk provided. Information included : 1) definition of stress; 2) possible sources of stress in the elderly; 3) signs and symptoms of stress including physical, emotional and physiological responses; 4) consequences of being over-stressed; and 5) ways for reducing stress e.g. communicate with others, doing relaxation exercise. Role play was used for further introducing stress management during aging process. In order to make the program to be more interesting, several characters from the elderly popular radio program “十八樓C座” was acted. Script of the role play was designed with those interesting elements. Questions-and-answers (Q&A) game with prizes related to the health talk and the role play was designed to facilitate active interaction. The possible changes, stress and the methods to reduce stress of elderly were further identified and emphasized in this section. VCD of relaxation exercise was prepared and bought form the Department of Health (DH). This exercise was done under an appropriate environment, likes dim light, quiet and comfortable. This section could further enhance active participation. It was also believed that one of the useful methods for relaxing and reducing stress was presented to them practically. Pamphlets with summarized information related to the health talks were designed with colorful graphic and large font. It was given to the participants at the end of the program for refreshing their memories. As support form family is important, pamphlet was given in order to let them sharing that information with their families. In the meanwhile, several existing telephone help lines in Hong Kong were enclosed in the octopus card holder. This ensures that they can access to those community resource and seek help whenever and wherever it is necessary. Evaluation form was designed for evaluating their satisfaction towards this program. Moreover, souvenirs were donated by volunteers from other charity centre. Digital camera and digital video camera were prepared for recording the whole program, in order to extend their memory related to this health program. Photos were developed and extra pamphlets were posted on the board right after the program in the centre. Program rundown is listed as follows Time Action 09:00 Decoration, arrangement of seat, preparation of power point, lighting and sounding 09:30 Introduction and health talk 10:00 Role play 10:30 Q & A games 11:00 Relaxation exercise 11:30 Sharing & evaluation Delivery of pamphlets, hotline information cards and souvenirs Taking photos 12:00 End of the program Removed decoration Develop and post photo on the board Self evaluation   3.          In line with WHO action strategies According to the Ottawa Charter for health promotion (WHO, 1986), Health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over, and to improve their health. In order to reach a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, an individual or group must be able to identify and to realize aspirations, to satisfy needs, and to change or cope with environment. Five strategies are mentioned and set in the Ottawa Charter for health promotion (WHO, 1986): 1) Build healthy public policy; 2) Create supportive environments; 3) Strengthen community action; 4) Develop personal skills; and 5) Reorient health services. ‘Develop personal skills’ is emphasized in this project. Health promotion enhances personal and social development via providing information, education for health and enhancing life skills. This provided more choices for people to facilitate control over their own health and environment. Therefore, information related to stress in the old age were presented to participants in this project by different strategies, e.g. talk, role play, Q & A game, pamphlets and relaxation exercise. It is hoped that this enhances elderly to learn in their whole lives, and cope with stress in all stages more effective. Referring to the Mental Health Declaration for Europe (WHO, 2005), There is no health without mental health. Awareness of the importance of mental well-being is highlighted. This action plan contains element that is utilized in this project. It is ‘prevent mental health problems and suicide’. WHO (2005)mentioned that people in many countries exposed to harmful stress-inducing societal changes. This influences social cohesion, safe, employment and may result in anxiety, depression and suicidal behavior finally. Hence increasing elderly awareness of sources, symptoms and consequences of stress, and ways for reducing stress are crucial. It is believed that at risk group can be captured more easy. Besides, fully utilzation of community resources, e.g. telephone help-lines, may facilitate mental health promotion.   4.          Theories The precede/proceed model (Green & Kreuter, 1991) is applied in this health promotion project. As this model stress initial emphasis on outcomes rather than inputs, this model is suitable to this project and is chosen as one of the guideline and theory basis for implementing this health promotion project. Evaluation of this program is facilitated by performing process and impact evaluation. For the process evaluation, there was high level of attendance in this program. Number of participants  increased from 30 to 39. Besides, participants satisfied with the program, as shown by active participation in the section of Q& A game and follow the relaxation exercise for almost 30 minutes. For impact evaluation, Staff of the community centre were satisfied with our program. Miss Kwong, person-in-charge, showed good appraisal and positive feedback. It is found that most of the objectives could be achieved. 1) To enable the elderly to identify the sources of stress in the aging process. During the games after role play, elderly could answer correctly related to sources of stress. 2) To enable the elderly to identify the stress responses in the ageing process. During the games, it was found that elderly could point out the stress responses. 3) To enable the elderly to point out the ways in reducing stress. During the games, elderly could point out the ways to reduce stress. 4) To enhance the skills in performing health promotion program among group members. This objectives can also be achieved. Our health promotion skills are enhanced by breaking the ice, good time management for this project, utilizing available community resources, and leading the group to participate actively.   5.          Strengths and weaknesses Through evaluation, both strengths and weaknesses of this project are illustrated. Date of program was appropriate for the participant. Weekday was chosen rather then weekend; their family day won’t be disturbed. This ensures that they were able to participate in this program, as evidence by there was 9 people more then the quota for number of participants. Besides, project was run in a smooth process with good time management. As preparation was good and detailed before the project. The project also finished on time. Moreover, role play is an attractive mode for presenting idea. It was effective that the elderly could understand the content. In addition, Pamphlets delivered were informative to the relatives. Colorful pictures were used on board, pamphlets, PowerPoint. It was attractive and interesting. This enhanced understanding of content easily. Positive reinforcement was used for encouraging active participation. Furthermore, all available and accessible community resources were utilized, like VCD of relaxation exercise from DH. Meanwhile, the relaxation exercise is easy and safe for elderly. It provides a feeling of comfort and relaxing to the participant. Additionally, information board, pamphlets and VCD of the program and relaxation exercise were left in the community centre for extending their memories. This strengthens the effect of health education. However, this project has several weaknesses, which require further improvement. Pamphlet and hotline information card are not effective to the illiterate elderly. Font size on the hotline information card is too small. Elderly may not be able to read it. Moreover, the rating scale of the evaluation is too difficult for elderly, especially for the illiterate elderly. This may result in not accurate evaluation. Furthermore, the group size of participation (39) is a little bit large. A large group may inhibit sharing of ideas and experiences among the group. Difficulties and barriers existed in handling a large group in this project.   6.          Barriers Barriers do exist in this project. First, as this is only a one off program, lacks continuous and assessment throughout health promotion. Secondly, since weekday was chosen for carrying out this project, family members and caregivers would not be able to participate. Last but not least, participants involved are physically fit and active in the community. At risk group may not be captured.   7.          Recommendations There are several recommendations suggested for improving this health promotion projects. Elderly especially for the illiterate, have to be encouraged to bring pamphlets home for sharing information with family, care givers, friends and neighbors. This enhances health promotion to varied levels of people with different roles. Besides, simple questions and answers have to be used in the questionnaire rather than the difficult rating scale. Also, it is suggested that questionnaires can be left to the person-in-charge of the community centre after the program. Participants may complete the evaluation form without presence of group members so as to prevent bias. The evaluate may then be reflected their attitudes toward this program more accurate.    8.          Conclusions Through handling this health promotion project, I gain a lot. I treasure the opportunities to practice as a primary nurse in the community. While this cannot be experienced in my full time job for working in an acute hospital setting. I cooperate with my groupmate properly. Meanwhile, this project can be carried out with knowledge and theories bases. Through making use of those theories, worldwide guidelines and strategies, the health project can then be implemented organize with evidence base. I do get certain extent of satisfaction throughout this project. However, I hope that more resources (e.g. time, human) can be allocated in this kind of health project, so that an integrated health program can be implemented more comprehensively, with continuous assessment and intervention can be carried out.    9. References   Census and statistics department. (2005). Hong Kong statistics – Health. Retrieved April 8, 2005, from http://www.info.gov.hk/censtatd/eng/hkstat/hkinf/health_index.html.   Census and statistics department. (2005). Hong Kong statistics – Population and vital events. Retrieved April 8, 2005, from http://www.info.gov.hk/censtatd/eng/hkstat/hkinf/population_index.html   Chi, I., Yip, P. S. F., & Yu, K. K. (1997). Elderly suicides in Hong Kong. Retrieved April 8, 2005 from http://www.sps.org.hk/sps_pub.htm   Green, L. & Kreuter, M. (1991). Health promotion planning; an educational and environmental approach. (2nd Ed.). Mountain View; Mayfield Publishing Co.   Law, C. K., Law, Y. Y., & Yip, P. S. F., (2003). Suicide in Hong Kong: epidemiological profile and burden analysis, 1980 to 2001. Hong Kong Medical Journal, 9, 419-426.   The Samaritan Befrienders Hong Kong (2003). Annual Report 2003. Hong Kong: The Samaritan Befrienders Hong Kong.   UN. (2002). Population trend of age over 60 in the world. Retrieved March 11, 2005, from WHO, Aging and life course web site: http://www.who.int/hpr/ageing/international_day_en.htm#WHO   Van Praag, H.M.(2004). Stress and suicide are we well-equipped to study this issue? The journal of crisis intervention and suicide prevention. 25(2), 80-85.   WHO. (1986). Ottawa charter for health promotion. Geneva: WHO   WHO. (1996). Brasilia declaration on healthy ageing. Retrieved April 11, 2005, from http://www.who.int/hpr/ageing/international_day_en.htm#WHO   WHO. (2004). Promoting mental health: Concepts – Emerging evidence – Practice. Geneva: WHO.   WHO. (2005). Mental health action plan for Europe – facing the challenges, building the solution. Helsinki: WHO.   Credit:ivythesis.typepad.com

Aging population

1. Background The aging population is increasing. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), it is expected that t...

Sample Essay about Ageing and other related topics and discuss the causes and developments as well as procedures and treatments being used to retard the process

This paper will discuss topics related to ageing. It will specifically state and argue the limitations, trends and future of this subject. This paper will also discuss the causes and developments of ageing as well as procedures and treatments that are being used today to retard the process of ageing.   DEFINITION             Before full understanding the subject of ageing we must first have a clear grasp on its characteristics and features. Ageing is defined as the process of getting older. To further expand this definition ageing is also associated with the progression of a systemical deterioration and decline of the physical, emotional and psychological well being of an individual (Deats 1999, p. 12). A simple definition of ageing meanwhile is the increasing number of years a person has. Based on the above definition, ageing can refer to the deterioration of the body through physical means such as more susceptibility to diseases and illness and weakening of internal and external body functions, psychological, meaning older people have increased incidents of mode swings and signs of depressions (Krauss 1996, p. 9). Ageing is also associated with noticeable facial features such as having crow’s feet, skin blemishes, discoloration of the skin and developing wrinkles in the different part of the face.   CAUSES OF AGEING             An important question that can be asked right now is this: What causes ageing?. Different scientists and gerontologists have varied answers to this question. Some researchers stated that ageing is part of the natural process that the body must undergo. Ageing is a process that is incorporated in the physical build up of individuals and all living things in this world where objects and things go from being healthy, robust and strong to a stage of weakening, decline and eventual death, hence the process of entropy (Manuck 2000, p. 25). Other gerontologist meanwhile advocated a different view. For some of them ageing is a process that can be prevented and stopped and delayed through different means. They further believed that ageing is the result of environment interacting and intermingling with the human body creating conflict and adverse effect to a human individual (Manuck 2000, p. 26). They also added that ageing is the result of actions and acts of man that are contrary to the needs of his body. Lastly they concluded that to prolong life and to delay ageing, one must disassociate himself from the harmful and damaging substances and objects that the present society offers (Manuck 2000, p. 26).   ANTI AGEING COSMETICS             Ageing in Western societies particularly in American society is cast in a negative light. Unlike Eastern civilizations like China and Japan where ageing and the age of an individual commands respect and dignity from people who are under them, American society views ageing with aversion and distaste (Humert 2000, p. 35). Ageing is viewed as a stage in life when individuals become dysfunctional and incapable of productive work and retraining. Although American see that ageing is a natural process that a body undergoes, people struggle against it using chemicals, procedures, treatments and even surgery to delay and to hide the signs of ageing (Humert 2000, p. 36). American women are obsessed in methods that would help them hide their true age or applications that would visually lower their perceived age. At this point, one anti ageing device and method that is used to slow down the process of ageing are different brands of cosmetics , make ups and anti aging creams and cosmetics. Aside from these objects various processes and techniques are advertised to enable “age-loss”.             One of the main methods that can fight ageing are cosmetics particularly anti ageing cosmetics and chemicals. In theory, every make up and lipstick is an anti aging device. Eye shadows, mascara and eye liners are applied on the eyes to produce a visual sight that a woman is young through highlighted, wide and vibrant eyes (Pachara 1999, p. 205). Foundations and make ups are applied to the skin to simulate young, healthy, smooth and satin like skin (Pachara 1999, p. 206). Lipsticks are used to hide the discoloration and imperfections of the lips while highlighting the shape of the mouth to viewers (Pachara 1999, p. 209).             There are also chemicals and techniques that are used nowadays to combat ageing. These anti ageing chemicals and cosmetics are used and advertised as having anti ageing properties that must be used. Methods such as strict diets and frequent exercise are advocated by other individuals to prevent ageing while others undergo surgeries and medical procedures to achieve the same effect (Andrews 2005, p. 243). At this part, the paper will present some of these treatments, cosmetics and surgeries that are used as anti ageing methods.             One method that is popular among women are anti ageing creams and lotions that are applied to their face and body to retard the signs of ageing. These applications have certain chemicals and vitamins like Vitamin E that helps rejuvenate and relaxes the skin of the face eliminating the formation of wrinkles and crows feet. These creams manufactured by leading cosmetic and personal care companies such as L’Oreal, Aloe Vera, Chanel, Maybelline and Revlon are advertised in TVs, Internet and print media to state to the costumers that their products are effective in hiding a person’s true age (Nussbaum 2004, p. 154). These companies have also marketed different products with carious specifications and features with diverse system of application, from applications, creams and pills. The L’Oreal beauty and cosmetic company and their line of product called Biotherm can illustrate this point. Biotherm and products associated with it claimed that these products are powerful skin rejuvenators since the products are manufactured from ingredients found in the thermal springs located in the Pyrenees mountains (Nussbaum 2004, p. 155). The company also claimed that its products works in unison with the skin’s natural biological make up making the process of skin rejuvenation and renewal painless and easy.             Fruits and other materials in the environment are also used by companies and beauty corporations to further promote youth and erase facial and body ageing. The company called St. Ives Company based in Europe had used apricots and the glacial water found in the Alps to produce their body and facial scrubs claiming that this formula is beneficial to the skin since it cleanses and removes the dirt and dust trapped in the skin lessening the chance of pimples and discoloration of the skin (Nussbaum 2004, p. 169).             Injections and minor surgeries have also been used to erase and hide the signs of ageing. The most popular among these medical procedures is the botox treatment. Botox injection is a simple treatment that patients undergo in order to erase and hide their wrinkles and lipsticks lines that are prominent in their face. Through tiny injections of the Botox protein secreted by the bacteria Clostridium botullinun on different parts of the face of a patient, the chemicals stretches and straingthens out the furrows and creases of the skin thereby promoting a wrinkle free facial features that tends to simulate a younger appearance (Wilson 2003, p. 112). The effect of the injected botox can last from 3 to 4 months depending on the facial conditions of the individual. After this period the patient can ask his/her cosmetic surgeon for another injection if he/she likes. Massachusetts senator and presidential candidate John Kerry stated that he underwent botox treatment. Other celebrities and prominent personalities have also admitted on using botox injections to remove their wrinkles.             Modern advances in technology have also been used to hide ageing signs and features in the body. Lasers have been used in procedures such as Obagi Nuderm. This new operation uses chemicals to gently peel the skin removing dead and rough skin from the top surface. This procedure also removes wrinkles and reduces pore size while erasing brown pigmentation and stimulating collagen production (Wilson 2003, p. 113). The chemicals that are applied to the skin penetrate the lower layer of the skin ensuring its efficacy. This treatment that is done in beauty centers polish the top layer of the skin without any signs of damage or stain thereby giving the skin a fresh and pink glow that will hide skin imperfections.             Laser is also used as a anti ageing instrument that is used by cosmetic companies to remove facial imperfections and problems. Laser treatments are used to erase fine lines and wrinkles in the skin. This product also removes birth marks, acne scars and skin discoloration through the use of light energy. Newly invented materials are also used because of their anti ageing properties (Levinson 2003, p. 49). Collagen is used in the collagen induction therapy. Collagen is inserted in the skin through fine needles with the help of anesthesia thereby stimulating the skin to produce more collagen reducing the tendency of the skin to form wrinkles (Levinson 2003, p. 51). Collagen also promoted better absorption of Vitamin A and C making the skin younger and softer.             Perlane and Restyle injections can also be classified as a potent anti ageing treatment. These two related operation improves deep wrinkles and sunken area of the face resulting in a healthier and smoother face. Perlane and Restylane use hyaluronic acid in an injectable form to attach itself with the water that is present in the skin to lift and create firmness. This procedure is also beneficial because it has no adverse side effects because the by product of the chemical reaction between the acid and water allows for the passage of nutrients and hormones between layers of the skin (Levinson 2003, p. 55).             There are also other applications that rejuvenate and cleanse the skin. These are glycopeel cleaning, micropeel, honey almond cleaning and contouring facials. In brief glycopeel cleaning refers to the application of various concentration of fruit acids to uproot pimples, blackheads white heads and exfoliating the skin while  micropeel is utilized by scrapping off dead tissues and cells to uncover a fresh and glowing skin (Levinson 2003, p. 53). Honey almond cleaning treatment uses aromatic honey almond that gently scrubs and heals the skin while full facial is a procedure that combines a thorough facial cleansing, relaxing facial and shoulder massage and the application of a facial mask while on going treatment to tighten the skin of the face (Levinson 2003, p. 54).   LIMITATIONS AND TRENDS             In the rapid advance in the field of anti ageing research and studies, there are certain limitations and boundaries that must be clearly drawn with regards to these procedures and anti ageing techniques. There must be some limits with regards to the question of how far would the cosmetic scientist discover method and treatment that would help combat ageing while not crossing the boundary between cosmetics/anti ageing studies and the field of medicine. Scholars and gerontoogist have debated and have answered this ethically and morally charged question since the welfare and safety of the individual undergoing these mentioned procedures is at risk.  It would be wrong therefore if a cosmetic practitioner attempted to cross over towards medicine in a field that is alien and unfamiliar to him/her it might produce disastrous and unhealthy consequences. The limitation therefore must be set on the overall effect and aim of a particular procedure or a treatment. If a procedure enhances the physical and bodily appearance of an individual, then this treatment belongs to the realm of cosmetics/anti ageing. But if a procedure is used to cure an illness or to eradicate a disease that is present in an individual, a doctor has the sole responsibility for the procedure.   FUTURE OF ANTI AGEING PRODUCTS The government must also step up its vigilance towards its policy with regards to anti ageing products and treatments. The Federal Drug Administration  (FDA) has an ambiguous position with regards to anti ageing products. Although this agency has the prime role of addressing concerns relating to drugs and treatment, it has experienced difficulties in regulating and keeping an eye on anti ageing treatments like Botox injections and laser therapies (Binstock 2003, p. 23). There are also oversights, gaps and weaknesses inherent in the bureaucracy in checking and maintaining the standards that were set by the federal government on these kinds of medical treatment. Another hindrance that obstructs government agencies from regulating and controlling anti ageing procedures and medicines are pieces of legislations like the Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act (DSHEA) which stated that certain products can be marketed as dietary supplements without any written proof of its efficacy and safety (Binstock 203, p. 24). Anti ageing products can be considered as dietary supplement and are therefore free from the scrutiny of the FDA. Other laws  does not also restrict the sale, prescription and application of materials such as botox  and other injectables to patients since these items are not considered as drugs in the in the regulation of the FDA (Bisntock 2003, p. 26). To safely and purposely use these anti ageing materials and procedures, strict government control must be enacted and implemented. These materials and procedures although beneficial in the short run since it improves the self esteem and self confidence of an individual can be harmful and deadly in the long run if there is no government restriction and control. Despite this setbacks and problems, the future of cosmetics and anti ageing products and merchandises is promising and shows potential growth. Anti ageing and the inventions/discoveries in the field of science and technology will be merged and will be used in the future.. Merging would refer to the more frequent use of newly invented methods that will retard ageing. There would be more recurrent use of new and powerful lasers that would not only effectively peel/erase skin imperfections. These lasers would cut the treatment time into half or more when compared to the practice existing nowadays and the operation would leave no permanent scar or pain on the client (Black 2004, p. 143). Facial rejuvenation using “scalpel less surgery” using laser and high frequency energy waves will be the new trend of the future (Black 2004, p. 142). These methods will benefit clients and customers since these medical procedures would just require minimal hospital operation time and would result in products that would last longer but with more permanent effect. In the future, new methods and procedures will not only be incorporated in treating ageing. New materials and chemicals, both natural and synthetic will be utilized as agents that would improve skin blemishes. Non injectable varieties of wrinkle removing solutions can be used by plastic surgeons. These non injectable varieties in the future might even be applied by anyone without any doctor supervision (Black 2004, p. 152). One possible chemical in this category is the ongoing research on the additional potency of the drug DMAE (dimethylaminoethanol or Deanol) and other related chemicals to partially stop skin cell degeneration in the facial area (Black 2004, p. 148). If the potential of these chemicals are fully harnessed, cell degeneration would be slowed down while cell metabolism and function would be normalized, thus hastening ageing.             For I would say that anti ageing products and methods have a positive effect on the overall nature of an individual. These procedures can change the outlook and emotional disposition of a client or a patient. Aside from making the client look younger and healthier while erasing, hiding and covering facial imperfections and other skin troubles, these simple medical procedures have a lasting impact on the life of an individual. A simple operation to remove a facial problem like an acne or numerous wrinkles around the nose and mouth can boost the self confidence of a man/woman. A simple anti ageing procedure would change his/her outlook in life from a person who is ageing and tired to a active person that is young, vibrant and full of energy. He/she would not be ashamed to face other people and to interact with his/her office workers and friends since the wrinkles and acnes have been removed giving him/her new confidence, assurance and self respect.             But in this respect, I would like to state an uncomplicated insight on anti ageing products and procedures. Anti ageing products can be right and correct if it is used to erase, improve and to hide wrinkles, crow’s feet, folded skins etc…. These reasons are acceptable since it does not only improve the physical attributes of a person but it also improves his/her social interaction and relationship with other individuals. Anti ageing can be wrong if it is used by person who just wants to be young and beautiful. Anti ageing procedures are erroneous if it promotes the self conceitedness, arrogance, pride and vanity of an individual. Anti ageing procedures are used in a negative manner if they are used to heighten the overconfident and egoistic side of an individual. Credit:ivythesis.typepad.com

Sample Essay about Ageing and other related topics and discuss the causes and developments as well as procedures and treatments being used to retard the process

This paper will discuss topics related to ageing. It will specifically state and argue the limitations, trends and future of this subject....

Top