Introduction and Background of the Study
Nowadays, laboratory experiments plays an integral in every institution as it helps teachers and students to gain and achieve first hand information as well as direct knowledge and actual implications of situations within the environment. Thus, it is a fact that materials and the resources used for conducting tests and experiments are continuously increasing and becomes more expensive to buy. This research study will determine certain useful and applicable alternative laboratory experiments being used in teaching science and must consider that the materials to be used are home based and or available always as substitute for expensive chemicals and materials utilized for administering laboratory experiments The investigative paper will explain as well as discuss in detail possible data and knowledge explored in determining crucial points regarding alternative laboratory materials in teaching science that are basically home based tools. The research study then examines the views of teachers and authorities of institution in the Philippines along with its challenges and issues in a timely manner.
Basically, the researcher made such attempt in identifying impact and useful factors that are related to using alternative lab experiments with the concept of using home-based materials for experimentation along with less expensive lab experiment chemicals respectively. There needs the discovering of applicable feasible plan in order to analyze the alternatives considered into useful strategic processes leading to successful processes of the research study. The investigation will include discussion of home-based materials and apparatuses that can be essential for lab experiments and then be able to find out if those home based materials are effective to be considered as substitute for expensive chemicals and materials being used in laboratory experiments such as those lab experiments being done by the students from the University of the Philippines reflecting to the present epoch and realizing possible status of teaching science using home-based materials as well as understanding positive outcomes pointing to the overall progress of identifying alternative lab experiments in the likes of home-based tools as replacement for posh materials in such experiments in whole context.
Amicably, the research investigation will explore and understand perceptions of respondents as imperative part of the study and to document as well as analyze responses and such view regarding alternative ways to teach science in the field of actual process – the experimentation cycle and its framework of such approaches involved as well as its issues and challenges as possible. The concept of determining considerable pedagogy advantage to be gain by using different tools that can be found in homes and serves as tools in teaching science in the Philippines. There can be possibilities of integrating multimedia as well as web based learning for the scientific phenomena as there involves the use of ICT applications that can be easy to reach and be of proper usage in certain science lessons as the experiments were done in what is called ‘virtual laboratory’. Moreover, the importance of traditional laboratory teaching involving practical experimentation and hands-on work in a way minimized with implementation of virtual lab experiments as applied by most private institutions and major Universities across the country. Even if, it is true that such computer sets is quite expensive but it can be a good substitute for always incorporating expensive chemicals and materials every time there is science classes and that the presence of equipped with data acquisition system can take a role in a true laboratory as a part of laboratory apparatus.
For the study, examples of experiments are to be connected with computerized measurement and that practical implementation of the experiments in one of Philippine institution as outline. For conclusion, some advantages of computer-based experiments derived from the experiences are to be discussed.
RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The following research questions will be explored in the study:
The details of alternative lab materials for teaching science are often reviewed when pre-service teachers take evaluation courses and however, it is up to the individual, the school and the district to decide whether or not to use it in the classroom curriculum.
1. What Comprises Alternative Lab Experiments? Any proof of effectiveness in teaching science?
2. What does Alternative materials for laboratory experiments do for the school?, for the faculty?, for the students/learners? Cite Examples.
3. How Does It Differ from Modern-day lab experiment?
4. Why Use Alternative Laboratory Experiments in expense of better education standards?
5. Is Virtual Communication for Lab-based Science Teaching be considered as substitute for expensive science materials? How and in what way?
Furthermore, this study will assess the process by identifying the key variables that would have good affect to the successful completion of the study in answering its research questions and realizing such goals and objectives. Thus, by estimating the budget necessary, the timeframe necessary and staffing required, this study will be able to envisage the success of findings and evidences to gather and collate as well as identifying the advantages that an integrated study approaches can contribute to the project would help in its development.
Research Goals
This study will try to achieve the following research goals:
- To be able to acquire useful research evidences and information and the finding out of certain evidences as adequate as possible
- To conduct case study researches as well as provide immediate surveys for potential information concerning such alternative lab materials as substitutes for teaching science
- To study, realize and apply the data collected from literatures and respondents and the searching over for relationships that are vital for understanding and recognizing the study’s focus and purpose
Research Plan and Methodology
The first month will be dedicated on the knowing more about the problem of the research. This will be followed an in-depth literature search on the internet and local libraries. Literature search will continue for as long as four months. The three among those four months will also be dedicated in knowing more about the research design and methods chosen for the study. The following months will be dedicated in data collection. A letter of permission to conduct research will be submitted to the Board of Schools to be chosen as appropriate for case study analysis and surveys respectively. Data analysis will soon follow. The data will be analyzed both qualitatively and or quantitatively. Quantitative testing is for the data collected from respondents, basically to find out the statistical prevalence of branching and expansion issues and prevalence of such applied measures and that various method is the chosen means of conducting this research so that data collection can be flexible and the topic will be better explained and elaborated.
Overview of Related Literature
‘The computer classroom is just like any classroom used for learning and not teaching. This is a simple but nonetheless an important point. When we focus on learning, we provide an environment that is rich in opportunities for discovery and inquiry. On the other hand, an emphasis on teaching may carry the detrimental scars of negative experiences adults have had acquired in the past as well as our own limitations. Learning requires facilitation. It begins with resources and continues with guidance. Students, especially children, are generally visual, sensing, active and sequential learners. It is within this premise that the Science Lessons Forum has been assembled. The Science Lessons Forum contains learning resources for teachers, students and parents. Each lesson starts with a news article. The forum can therefore be regarded as learning science as a current event-based subject. The news article is usually a text explaining in layman or popular language a recent scientific discovery. These articles are generally short as they are only meant to arouse one’s quest for knowledge. The bulk of science lessons stretch out in exploratory questions found at the end of the news article. These questions are asked and answered by links to websites that have been chosen for their clarity, correctness and style. Efforts were made to arrange the questions in some useful pedagogical order. Most of these websites are chosen for their visual content. Some of these websites are dynamic. Some are interactive. Some carry audio material. And each lesson ends with interactive games relevant to the topic to attract further the interest of the learners. Thus, it is projected to have an impact on almost every aspect of education. The placement of the science lessons in a forum creates an atmosphere of feedback and that messages and queries can be posted. Conversations on various topics can be cultivated. Although the webmasters could access the statistics of the forum and determine how frequent the science lessons are being used, what is more significant is the fact that the students, teachers and parents can actually be involved’. (Cited from, Science Lessons Forum for elementary and secondary schools, De Dios, A. PhD, The Philippine STAR, 2006 at: http://philstar.com/philstar/BUSINESS200611234402.htm) ‘In recent years students have been demanding greater input into their tertiary studies, including more involvement in setting learning contracts, a greater say in deciding what assessment tasks are suitable for them and in particular they are demanding greater flexibility in the way they receive their instruction. For many, the new route has been to look at online liberation of learning materials, which is neither innovative nor the panacea for problems, but it does offer teachers and students a more flexible mode that may suit certain teaching activities but more importantly may suit the learning style and commitments of some students. A mix of activities and on-line activities together form the basis of many university courses today. In the actual resources room materials are located and lent to students by the room attendant that can be much like in school libraries. In order to mimic with the situation the virtual resources room has been provided with a search engine to enable students to locate materials. The provision of search engine has also allowed students to locate information more quickly than the actual resources room allows like, students can search for a particular topic within a lecture such as within the biology subject’. (Cited from, Science Lessons Forum for elementary and secondary schools, De Dios, A. PhD, The Philippine STAR, 2006 at: http://philstar.com/philstar/BUSINESS200611234402.htm)
Overview of the Dissertation
The dissertation will be composed of five chapters.
The first chapter will introduce the problems of the study, aims and objectives, as well as the methodology used.
Then, the second chapter will deal with providing the details of precise review of literature pointing and reflecting towards branch expansion processes and other relevant data and information for the completion of the study. Here, alternative laboratory experiments will have to be explored as well as the integrating diverse issues and challenges that teaching science in the Philippines by means of using such alternatives for experiment purposes.
The third chapter will present the data collected from the interviews and surveys amicably. Each data will be followed by discussions guided by references from related literatures.
Thus, the fourth chapter will present and discuss the data collected from the selected parties involved in the study. This will include the presentation of qualitative and quantitative data acquired and discussions on each of them.
Lastly, Chapter 5 will present the conclusion of the study as well as its recommendations.
Expected Results
The research study anticipates discovering such realization and actualization emphasizing as well as implying generalizations in providing basis for supporting the point of the study, finding empirical knowledge and evidence for alternative laboratory experiments used in teaching science within the Philippine setting that will involve its corporate and management ways as to how they can be successful in a lot of ways as there involves school participation and the determining of research techniques and methods that can be effective for in-depth understanding of the study and its essential focus in serving the utmost purpose. The study also assimilates the knowing process and realizes imperative and critical points to be reflected in the research analysis and discussion of research findings and be able to meet the guidelines and procedures recommended by the people involved in the study of home-based alternative materials for laboratory experiments used for teaching science subjects.
Credit:ivythesis.typepad.com
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