Part 1
Introduction
People are considered as social animals that have a propensity for organizing as well as managing their own affairs in increasingly complex as well as dynamic environment. Modern concepts of organization as well as management theory cannot be considered as completely distinct as well as unrelated. Instead, all of them had evolved from earlier views that came from the practicing executives, administrators, scientists, sociologist and even economist who recorded all of their different observations as well as experiences and eventually set it as general guidelines that can help others (Naoum 2001, p. 10).
Management is considered as the most important aspect of any organization or company, because it serves as the bond between other important activities as well as systems inside the organization as well as it serves as a connection for those external entities. On the other hand, organizational management is important in order to create an environment that will be able to support continuous improvement of each and every individual, together with the organizations in order to serve for the community that they are into (Johnson Center 2008).
History of Management
Management is considered as the coordination as well as the direction of different activities of one person and other people towards some particular end (Witzel 2004, p. 2). It the process of working with and through other people in order to accomplish the different objectives of both the organization, as well as its employees (Montana & Charnov 2000, p. 2)
The term management is considered as old. It was derived from the Latin root word manus meaning by hand, power as well as jurisdiction. During the middle ages, the Italian word maneggiare was used to call those officials who are in charge of the production facility. Eventually, the term evolved into the French word managerie and in 1589, the English word management was first recorded in a document. That is the reason why at the end of the 17th century, the term manager and management are considered as commonly used terms and was accepted by different business organizations that employs people whose primary job is to take charge of different activities of other (Witzel 2004, p. 2).
Management Theories
From 1890 up to 1940, most notable organizations were all large as well as industrialized. More often than not, those organizations included different ongoing, routine tasks that enable to manufacture different types of products. That is the reason why the US focuses on the highly prized scientific and technical matters, it includes the process of careful measurement as well specification of activities and results. That is why management is likely to be the same. During the said era, Frederick Taylor developed the scientific management theory that focuses on the careful specification as well as the measurement of the different organizational tasks. Tasks were all standardized; workers were all rewarded as well as punished (McNamara 2008).
During 1930 up to 1950, Max Weber has been able to overstate the scientific management theory with his bureaucratic theory. The said theory focuses on the process of dividing the organizations into different hierarchies, establishing a strong line of authority as well as control. It also believes that organizations must develop comprehensive as well as detailed standard operating procedures for all of the routinized tasks (McNamara 2008).
Unfortunately, there have been many unions as well as government that oppose the dehumanizing impact of the two theories. That is the reason why the human relations movement has been made in order to focus on the individuals as well unique abilities in relation to the organization. The human relations movement focuses on the belief that an organization that would prosper if its employees were prosper also. It had helped to include the Human Resource departments in an organization, in order to understand the needs and demands of each and every employee (McNamara 2008).
There have been many famous theories that have been developed and used because of the human relations movement. One of this is the behavioral theory, it assumes that leader can be made rather than are born. That is the reason why successful leadership will be based in definable as well as learnable behavior (ChangingMinds.org 2007). Another important theory is the Theory X and Theory Y of Douglas McGregor. In his book that was published in 1960, The Human Side of Enterprise, he describe a new way of explaining how managers can view the employees based on the different concepts of human nature that can be applied to the work. McGregor focuses in two alternatives which is the Theory X and Theory Y, where in the Theory X shows the positive and effective manager, while the Theory Y shows the other way around (Bruce & Pepitone 1998, p. 12).
Another most important theory and considered as the widely publicized model of motivation is the works of Abraham H. Maslow (Montana & Charnov 2000, p. 239). He describes that only the unsatisfied needs are considered as prime sources of motivation (Montana & Charnov 2000, pp. 239 – 240). Primarily, the theory focuses on its five needs system that accounts for the behavior of each and every individual. The five need system of Maslow is consisted of: survival; safety or security; a sense of belonging’ ego-status; and self-actualization (Montana & Charnov 2000, p. 239).
One psychologist named Frederick Herzberg, had later on extended the work of Maslow and presented his Herzberg’s Motivation Hygiene or Two Factor Theory (Murugan n.d., p. 305). The said theory was first developed during the late 1950s but was elaborated during 160s and early of 1970s (Miller 2005, p. 33). The said theory focuses on the different sources of motivation that are seemed pertinent to the work as well as the work accomplishment (Montana & Charnov 2000, p. 241).
21st Century People and Organizational Management
There are many aspects and factors that are included or related to the relationship between the people and organizational management. Organizational management is directly related in the employees or workers due to the fact that it helped to create an environment that will enable to sustain the improvement of each and every individual at the same time helping to improve the performance of the overall organization. As we all know, human resource is considered as the most important resources for an organization, because the human resource is the one that processes and manages the input product or service into the final product or service to be sold by the company.
Leadership
Each and every organization needs a leader with a clear understanding regarding the different issues that are being faced or to be faced by his or her respective organization or company. Therefore, leader must be prepare to implement the said understanding, at the same time, maintaining the operational functions, developing the skills of the employees, and more importantly, managing the human resource (Johnson Center 2008).
In order to create a good and continuous learning process inside an organization, it must start first on the leader, and how he or she will going to handle the different demands as well as the needs of his or her subordinate. Leadership is considered as the most critical management skill that pertains to the ability to motivate a group of people towards a common goal (About.com:Management 2008).
Another thing is that leadership has a great impact over the performance of an employee. Effective leadership can create a negative or positive impact to the motivation of an employee. That is the reason why trust as well as confidence in the top leadership is considered as the single as well as the most reliable predictor of the satisfaction of the employees regarding the management of an organization (About.com:Management 2008).
Due to the growing application of globalization as well as multinational companies, leadership is facing different problems during the 21st century. This is due to the fact that there are more complex and huge number of employees to be lead or to be guide accordingly. That is the reason why, communication is considered as vital. In my organization, leadership is being applied by proper and effective communication between the upper level management up to the lower level management. By doing the said activities, the task as well as the information regarding the current situation and the opinions of each and every worker are being analyzed and used.
Culture
Culture is also one of the most important factors that must be considered regarding the relationship of the people and the organizational management. Globalization and Information Technology or IT had helped to reshape the current management practices of many organizations. Primarily, globalization had lead for the operation of many multinational companies; the presence of local partner countries had been able to create a new dilemma in managing the human resource of the company. This is due to the different cultures and personality of each and every individual.
In this case, it will also be important to focus in communication in order to manage conflict and misunderstanding between the management as well as the employees. In our company, each and every employee is taking up personality type each year. This is to ensure as well as analyze the personality of an individual, which the company believes that an important factor that can affect the performance of an individual. Another thing is that each year, the management of the company sets socialization activities that will help to connect and bring closer the employees to each other. In this case, each and every one will be able to know more regarding the culture as well as the behavior of other, and eventually used that knowledge for them to go along.
Conclusion
After analyzing the current condition or used of management, there is no doubt that globalization as well as technology are the primary factors that affected its change and the evolution. Furthermore, leadership and culture are two of the most vital and important factors that might affect the management and relationship of the company and the employees. In the same case, effective communication can be considered as the primary solution that can be used in order to prevent or lessen the negative impact of the said factors.
Furthermore, it motivation is also the most important factor that must be considered in managing the human resource. That is the reason why it is important to know the different needs and demands of each and every employee in order to bring out the best in him or her.
Part 2 Personal Reflection
Currently, I am a Senior Executive in one of the property management company in the country. I am handling the maintenance department that handles all the maintenance of the residential properties. I choose to study a bachelor degree in real state because, primarily, I consider it as my personal fulfillment. Furthermore, it also helped me to develop my knowledge in the said industry and have a helicopter knowledge regarding what is going on in the world of real state.
My family as well as my personal fondness at my job and responsibilities is the factors that drives me to continue working as well as help to work at my best. Furthermore, due to my effort, I must say that doing my best, and having my position right now, can be a good motivation for others in order to achieve what I have achieved.
One of my strengths and I can considered as my edge among others is that I am good at communicating with other people, orally. The said strengths help me to have what I have now, and to become what I am right now. It had also helped me to improve my leadership and management skills. This also gives me the courage to show and present my ideas as well as thoughts regarding any issues and subject inside the organization. Furthermore, my oral communication ability also helped me to improve my self-confidence as well as helped me to meet more people and then use their experiences as guidance for mine.
On the other hand, I am not that good in terms of written communication. This is due to the fact I am doing more talking than writing. I must say that written communication is one of the abilities that I want to improve in order for me to become more productive as well as more efficient at my work.
In terms of leadership, I must say that communicating with my subordination and other co-workers is one of my strengths. I considered communication as the must important factor in any work relationship. Another thing is that, I believe that communication will also give motivation. Encouragement is one of the most important motivations for my team members. On the other hand, there are times that I am not giving my members an equal time, due to the fact that I have other important responsibilities and tasks that must be done. That is why I can say that I am not that good in proper time management.
Part of my job is to plan as well as to implement different activities regarding organizational management and continuous learning within the organization. During my stay in the company I must say that I have been able to show strong planning and organizational skills such as effective communication process by managing the relationship of my team members such as conflict management and asking for their opinions and feelings.
Another thing is that our organization uses the democratic management style or also called as the participative where in the leader as well as the members of the team are all involved in the process of decision-making. The said style of management had helped me to improve my communication as well as leadership and management skills by asking and analyzing the opinions of others regarding an important subjects or happenings inside the company. On the other hand, due to the fact that the final decision relies on the hands of the leader, and the fact that the leader is the one that is responsible of any results or outcomes of the decision-making, it had also helped me to think and critically analyze different factors and aspects that are involved in the problems.
Above all, this type of management also helps my sense of team work. It had helped me to think regarding the situations and conditions of my team mates, and how my performance will be able to affect their performance, as well as the overall performance of the team, and eventually of the company.
All of the said experiences and reflection will be able to help me to improve my management and leadership ability that can be applied for my future works and responsibilities in the company. Furthermore, it will also help me to know my weaknesses that will help me to improve and develop myself.
I am considered as the team leader of my team, and I must say, based on our daily performance and operations as well as in our working relations that they are also seeing me likewise.
Credit:ivythesis.typepad.com
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