Project Design and Planning
Introduction
As part of the development in the mining industry, technological advances such as jackleg drills, longwall shearers, diesel power, and hydrometallurgy have had major impacts on mining and quarrying practices and the nature of the mine site. The changes and evolution of current technologies, as well as the introduction of new, breakthrough technologies, will continue and perhaps accelerate in the new century. Several industry objectives will drive future technology change, including
• Lowering production costs.
• Enhancing the productivity of workers and equipment.
• Opening up new reserves and extending the life of existing ore bodies.
• Meeting regulatory and stakeholder requirements in areas such as health and safety, environmental and aesthetic impacts, and land use.
Inline with the advancement of technology and continues innovation in mining and mineral industry, the issues regarding risk-free production arises. The issues concerning cleaner project planning will be considered in this paper. Many technologies have been proposed for use in mines, including mechanical cutting of hard rock, remote-controlled and automated machinery, wireless communications and data networks, and in-situ processing.
Mining and quarrying are capital-intensive activities, and many factors affect the pace of diffusion of new technologies: research and development (R&D) budgets, commodities markets and profit margins, regulatory and community requirements, the ability of firms to acquire and assimilate information, available technology options, the variability in cost structures among firms, and industry attitudes. In recent years, the organization of the mining industry has changed substantially as a result of enterprise restructuring, consolidation, and globalization. Through this, cleaner production project in mining and mineral industry pertaining to the technology used in their processes should be observed.
Logical Project Matrix
Strategy
Indicators
Assumptions
Indicators of the Assumptions
Overall Goal
Evaluate the technology used in mining and mineral processing.
Development Goal
To determine if the technology used in mining and mineral processing are risk- and hazard-free to environment.
The technology used in mining and mineral processing should be justified as risk- and hazard-free to environment.
Project Purpose
To determine if the technology in mining and mineral processing passed the cleaner project standards.
The technology used in processing mines and minerals passed the cleaner project standards.
The target mining and mineral industries are assumed to cooperate.
All materials such jackleg drills, longwall shearers, diesel power, and hydrometallurgy, etc were evaluated and passed the risk- and hazard free standards.
Results
The technologies used are risk- and hazard free.
All materials such jackleg drills, longwall shearers, diesel power, and hydrometallurgy, etc should passed the risk- and hazard free standards.
The government and other organization will understand the effect of cleaner production project to business development.
The government and other organization continuously evaluate the different industries pertaining to cleaner production project.
Activities
Assessment of materials and systems used in mining and mineral processing
All tools and used in mining and mineral processing.
Key Arrangements
Basically, cleaner production project has received increasing attention in recent years, both from academics and from practitioners. Actually, the heightened interest in cleaner production project is the result of a number of coincident secular trends. But cleaner production project has also attracted attention as a result of the repeated and well-publicized failures associated with its implementation. Despite the increased academic and professional attention paid to cleaner production project, frequent instances still occur when sophisticated mining or mineral industry experience sudden, unexpected, and devastating losses. In cases such as Barings, Metallgesellschaft, and Long-Term Capital Management, losses have been in the billions of dollars. In such cases the sophistication of the cleaner production project processes in place was clearly inadequate for the level and type of risks assumed.
In mining and mineral industry, cleaner production project is more narrowly defined as a possible event or circumstance that can have negative influences on a project. Its influence can be on the schedule, the resources, the scope and/or the quality. As part of the development of cleaner production project in mining and mineral industry, risks in technology should be considered. In the pursuit of a mining and mineral business in Australia to improve its capacity to provide the services to the people and in the same time satisfy the needs of their customers, risks management and analysis of government ethical issues are thus the most effective solution. Nonetheless, lack of appropriate management could pose several risks for the industry as a whole. These risks include:
a.) Non-compliance of the project timeline
b.) Costly maintenance of infrastructure
c.) Compatibility of firms project to government ethics
d.) Budget deficiency
e.) Increased workforce expenses
Apparently, a more extensive study would be desirable in order to more closely validate the results within mining and mineral business. This would include clarifying any items which are subject to multiple interpretations and should take into consideration issues of model structure validity and reliability. Ideally this research would be accompanied by personal or focused group interviews to permit a deepened understanding of the elements that comprise the ethical outlook of micro business operators and of how these are translated into practice.
Justification for Project Matrix and Governance Structure
Although good ethics would reinforce good business, because of the lack of competition and the lack of conditions that Adam Smith envisioned, good ethics are not necessarily practiced in today’s businesses. Although the decision makers could take an ethical stance in all of their decisions, conditions in their day-to-day activities are such that they may not take such a stance. Because much of the time the decision makers lack ethical values and background, they are driven by their survival instincts, they face many situational variables, and they are oriented to short-term success, good ethics and good business do not coexist regularly (, 1994).
Many business executives seem to be altering their viewpoint of government roles — from the traditional perspective of government intervention being inherently undesirable and wrong to recognition of the necessity of a government role in business as a regulator, arbitrator, stimulator, customer, and even partner. This orientation is embodied in the concept of a new, socially conscious capitalistic or business system. And in fact, there seems to be a feeling today among many young people that government and not business is where the action is (, 1996).
In summary, this paper has discussed the cleaner production project cost of the growth of mining and mineral industry. These include the evaluation of technology used in processing, its effect to environment, contamination of streams and river, the problem of oil spillage, forest destruction and biodiversity loss, the environmental effects of gas flaring, and effluent discharge and disposal. In the course of mine exploration and production, various materials are released into the environment.
References:
Credit:ivythesis.typepad.com
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